March 1, 1949, 06:00Yogyakarta city center
Sirens sounded rests of the Dutch defense post. Under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Suharto, commander of Brigade 10 Wehrkreise region III, began to demolish the Dutch defense after obtaining approval from the lane IX as the originator of the attack. Dutch troops that since the Dutch Military Aggression II in December 1948 was distributed in small outposts, scattered and weakened. During six hours of the Indonesian military (TNI) succeeded in occupying Yogyakarta, after hitting the Dutch troop. Promptly at 12:00 noon, according to the plan, all troops to withdraw from the city center when assistance comes Netherlands. A defeat for the Dutch.
Battle known as the General March 1 attack that is the initial demonstration of the international world that the army still has the power to make a resistance, and declared that the Republic of Indonesia is still there. This was triggered by the Dutch government has arrested and exiled Bung Karno and Bung Hatta to Sumatera setting propaganda that the Republic of Indonesia is not there.
Resistance during the six-hour news is then rumored to Wonosari, forwarded to Bukit Tinggi, then Burma, New Delhi (India), and ends at the UN headquarters in New York. From this news, the UN considers Indonesia has entered into force independent Commission of the Three Kingdoms (KTN). The meeting held at the Hotel Des Indes Jakarta on 14 April 1949, Indonesia was represented by Moh. Roem and representatives of Netherlands led by Van Royen, resulted in an agreement signed on May 7, 1949. This agreement came to be called by agreement Roem Royen (Roem Royen Statement). In this agreement Netherlands was compelled to withdraw its troops from Indonesia, and to the President and Vice President, Soekarno-Hatta to Jogja. Finally on December 27, 1949 the Dutch formally transferred sovereignty to the Republic of Indonesia.The Implicit and explicit meaning Tetengger In History
To commemorate the struggle of the nation's history, on June 29, 1985 The monument was built Yogya Back (Monjali). Laying the first stone of the monument as high as 31.8 meters by HB IX after planting buffalo head the traditional ceremony. Four years later, on July 6, 1989, the building was completed. The opening was inaugurated by President Soeharto by signing the inscription.
The monument is located on the protruding Hamlet, Village Sariharjo, District Ngaglik, Kapubaten Sleman is shaped mountain, which became a symbol of fertility also have to preserve the cultural significance of prehistoric ancestors. Bangunanpun following the laying of Yogyakarta culture, is located on the imaginary axis that connects Merapi, Monument, the Palace, and Parang Tritis Krapyak Stage. "Macrocosmic Axis or Axis of Life" as Gunadi on YogYES. The imaginary point in the building that stands on 5.6 hectare of land can be seen on the third floor at the site of the founding of the flagpole.
Return the name of Yogya monument is a symbol functioning again and the Government of the Republic of Indonesia as tetengger history drawn from the withdrawal of Dutch troops in the capital city of Yogyakarta on June 29, 1949 and the return of President Soekarno, Vice President Mohammad Hatta and other officials on July 6, 1949 in Yogyakarta.There was a replica of the plane Up Space
Entering the monument area is located approximately three miles from the center of Yogyakarta city, visitors are greeted with a replica of the plane near the eastern Cureng and replica aircraft Guntai near the west door. Climbed the podium in the west and east, visitors can see the two-wheeled machine gun equipped with the seats, the front yard before heading down the mountain foot monument. At the southern end of the courtyard stood a wall which contains 420 names of fallen fighters between December 19, 1948 until June 29, 1949, and his poetry Karachi Anwar Bekasi to the unknown hero.
The monument is surrounded by a pond (moat) which is divided by four roads to the main building. Road linking the western and eastern entrances floor that consists of four rooms presenting at least 1,000 collections of the March, before the struggle for independence until Yogyakarta became the capital city of Indonesia. Students' Army uniforms and sedan chairs Great Commander General Sudirman are kept there. In addition, there is also the Main Meeting room, which is located adjacent room I. Rooms circular with a diameter of 25 meters is a functional room that is rented for seminars or weddings.
Meanwhile, the road north and south connected by stairs to the second floor on the outer wall that circles the building is carved with 40 reliefs depicting the struggle of nation from August 17, 1945 until December 28, 1949. Some historical events such as the physical struggle and diplomacy since the Declaration of Independence, the return of President and Vice President to Yogyakarta and the establishment of People's Security Army are pictured in the reliefs. While in the building, 10 dioramas around the building and picturing imaginary situations when the Dutch attacked Maguwo on December 19, 1948, March, Roem Royen Agreement, until the proclamation of August 17, 1949 memorial at the Great House of Yogyakarta.
The top floor is where the silent circle, equipped with a flagpole fitted with red and white flag in the middle of the room, relief images that depict the hand on the west wall of physical struggle and the struggle of diplomacy on the east wall. Named Garbha Graha room functions as a place to pray and reflect on the heroes of the struggle.
During this struggle can only be heard through the history teachers at the school, or the story of a grandfather to his grandson. Back to Monument Yogya a clearer picture of how independence was achieved. Looking at the various dioramas, carved reliefs or collection of clothing to weapons that had been used by the freedom fighters. One place that will satisfy any curiosity about the way the Nation Indonesia gained independence. (YogYES.COM: R.Syah)
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